The terms “computer science” and “computer engineering” are sometimes used interchangeably. But in reality, these are two completely different fields—and it’s important for prospective students to understand the nuances of computer science vs computer engineering.

On this page, we’ll highlight how these two fields differ, uncovering what you might want to consider when deciding between a career in computer science or computer engineering.

So, for starters, what is computer science? At its core, this field focuses on writing code that integrates data, data structures, algorithms, statistical models and more in an efficient manner. For example, many computer science professionals spend their days creating algorithms that can achieve complex tasks—whether that’s emulating a human brain or determining the best route for an upcoming Uber ride.

Computer engineering, on the other hand, is a field at the intersection of electrical engineering and computer science. Computer engineers research how to build all varieties of computing systems, from smartphones to integrated circuits.

It’s easy to get confused when researching computational degree programs since different schools use different terminology, and some programs even combine computer science and computer engineering into one department or major.

Computer science focuses on topics in computational theory. These include the virtual aspects of computers, focusing on software rather than hardware. As a field that is closely aligned with mathematics, computer science applies theoretical ideas to solve real-world problems.

Computer science degree programs may include courses such as analysis of algorithms, operating system principles, computer architecture and software engineering. A degree in computer science will also cover basic hardware and software topics, including computer organization and architecture.

If this sounds like a good fit for you, take a look at some online computer science graduate programs.

In contrast, computer engineering focuses on hardware, not software—with students learning how to build devices through a combination of physics, electrical engineering and computer science. People who are curious about processes and interested in applying that knowledge to build new computer structures may be drawn to a computer engineering program.

The work of a computer engineer involves understanding how we can harness the laws of physics and electronics to create better computer components. Unlike software engineers, computer engineers are more likely to spend time in a lab than they are writing code. Your computer engineering degree may cover a wide array of topics including computer architecture, computer networks and physics. However, some computer engineers learn and use programming skills, so degrees in computer engineering often cover programming topics such as software design.

From aerospace to life sciences and mobile devices to robotics, there are a number of different career options for computer engineers. If computer engineering is a field that interests you, spend some time exploring online computer engineering master’s programs.

Are you still wondering what the difference between computer science and computer engineering is? Let’s take a closer look.

Degrees in computer science and computer engineering consist of different core curricula. Courses in a computer science degree generally focus on the theory of computation, languages and environments. Meanwhile, a degree in computer engineering focuses on physics, electronics and computer architecture. You might find yourself taking the following courses:

Though computer science and computer engineering are distinct fields, there is some overlap. Computer science and computer engineering professionals use computers to solve problems, relying on data and human interaction. Programs in both fields also share many of the same prerequisites and coursework.

On top of having similar scopes, computer scientists and computer engineers often collaborate to create products. Hardware and software are important elements of computing systems—so any electronic device you use, from your laptop to your car, may have been developed and designed by a combination of computer scientists and computer engineers. To create the well-functioning devices, businesses may look to highly skilled employees in both of these areas.

Choosing between computer science vs computer engineering can be difficult, but earning a degree in either one of these areas may open the door to a number of possibilities. For more insights to help inform your decision, read our guide to specializing in a computational field.

Computer scientists are likely to work in software development, computer programming, network and database design, web design and testing—with many professionals writing code quite frequently. Roles in such areas are based on a sound understanding of the theory of computation and the ability to apply this knowledge to real-world problems. Some potential job titles for graduates with a degree in computer science include software developer, database administrator, web developer or project manager.

Computer engineers, on the other hand, focus on developing, designing and manufacturing microprocessors, integrated circuits and other computing systems. Computer engineering graduates may pursue jobs in the telecommunications space, robotics, aerospace technology and other areas. Careers in computer engineering focus on designing the physical systems that enable digital technologies. Graduates of computer engineering programs may end up assuming roles such as embedded software engineer, electrical design engineer, hardware engineer or network engineer.

Wondering about computer science vs computer engineering salary and career outlooks? According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), computer scientists earned a median salary of $126,830 in May 2020 while computer engineers earned a median annual salary of $119,560. From 2020 to 2030, employment of computer scientists is projected to increase by 22%. The BLS notes that computer hardware engineering jobs are projected to increase by 2%.

Still looking to settle the computer science vs computer engineering debate? Ultimately, the decision will come down to your individual passions, skills and professional goals. Both fields provide opportunities for you to solve real-world problems with innovative solutions.

Once you pick a pathway, earning a bachelor’s degree in computer science online or a computer engineering degree can be a natural next step for learning core concepts that will eventually help you translate theory into practice.

Remember: The decision between computer science and computer engineering is entirely yours to make.

Last Updated: April 2022